Skip to content 
IGBT, also known as insulated gate bipolar transistor, is a composite full-control voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of BJT and metal-oxide semiconductor, both metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor high input impedance and low on-state voltage drop of GTR advantages.
GTR saturation voltage is lowered, the current-carrying density of the high, but the drive current is large, the MOSFET drive power is small, the switching speed, but the on-state voltage drop is large, the current-carrying density is small; IGBT combines the advantages of the above two devices, drive power is low, low saturation voltage.
MOSFET drive power is small, switching speed is fast, but the on-state voltage drop is large, and the current-carrying density is small; IGBT combines the advantages of the above two devices, with low drive power and low saturation voltage.
I.Application of IGBT in inverter power supply
Inverter power supply converts utility AC power to pure sine wave through AC-DC-AC conversion, and the output frequency and voltage can be adjusted within a certain range.
It is different from the frequency regulator used for motor speed regulation, and also different from the ordinary AC regulated power supply.
The ideal AC power supply has the characteristics of stable frequency, stable voltage, zero internal resistance and pure sine wave voltage waveform.
Frequency conversion power supply is very close to the ideal AC power supply. Advanced developed countries are increasingly using inverter power supply as a standard power supply to provide the best power supply environment for electrical appliances and to facilitate objective assessment of their technical performance.
IGBT is one of the most core and important components in inverter power supply, which plays an important role in the room.
IGBTs play an important role in inverter power supplies. Compared with other power electronic devices, IGBT is characterized by high reliability, simple driving, easy protection, no buffer circuit, high switching frequency and so on.
High-voltage, high-current, high-frequency high-voltage IGBTs have been developed and applied to inverter power supplies to obtain currents of different frequencies.
The switching function of the IGBT is to provide gate current to the PNP transistor by applying a positive gate voltage.
To conduct the IGBT to form a channel. A reverse gate voltage is applied to eliminate the channel, cut off the base current and turn off the IGBT.The driving method of the IGBT is basically the same as that of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.
It is only necessary to control the input N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and therefore it has a high-input-impedance characteristic.The IGBT can be operated by a PNP transistor with a high input impedance.
II.Application of IGBT in frequency converter
IGBT inverter is a device that converts DC power (batteries, accumulators) into AC power (220 volts, 50 Hz sine wave). It consists of an inverter bridge, control logic and filter circuit.
It is widely used in air conditioners, home theaters, electric grinding wheels, power tools, sewing machines, video players, VCDs, computers, televisions, washing machines, range hoods, refrigerators, VCRs, fans, lighting and so on.
Generally, a large number of IGBT devices with a blocking voltage of 1200 volts are used in industry, but for the 600-volt and 750-volt grid voltages of urban railcars, it is not sufficient to apply an IGBT blocking voltage with this voltage level under the urban grid voltage.
Special circuits must be used in order to operate at this grid voltage. For the voltage grid type used in urban rail vehicles, 1.7 kV igbt for 750 V grid and 3.3 kV IGBT for 1500 V grid have been developed.
III.Application of IGBT in new energy vehicles
As the mainstream of new power semiconductor devices, IGBTs have been widely used in traditional industries such as industry, communications, computers, consumer electronics, automotive electronics, aerospace, defense and military industries, as well as in strategic emerging industries such as rail transportation, new energy, smart grid, and new energy vehicles.
IGBT modules play a crucial role in electric vehicles, and are the core technology components of electric vehicles and charging piles and other equipment.
IGBT modules account for nearly 10% of the cost of electric vehicles and about 20% of the cost of charging piles.
IGBTs are mainly used in the following areas in the field of electric vehicles, such as the electronic control system, high-power DC/AC inverter-driven automotive motors, on-board air conditioning control systems, low-power DC/AC inverter, etc.
